Objective: To develop a Semantic Differential Scale for Fertility Attitudes among Chinese Childless Young Adults based on the Tripartite Attitude Model and to test its reliability and validity.Methods: Fertility-related words were collected using the Free Association Method. Core semantic anchor points were classified and refined to generate initial items. Subsequently, Item Analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis , Confirmatory Factor Analysis , and reliability and validity tests were conducted. Results: Three factors (Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Tendency) were extracted. The model demonstrated good fit indices. The total scale score positively correlated with positive fertility motivations and fertility intention, and negatively correlated with negative fertility motivations and fertility stress. Both internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were satisfactory. Conclusion: The scale is suitable for multidimensional assessment of fertility attitudes among childless young adults in China.