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2018 Vol. 24, No. 1
Published: 2018-01-31
 
15 The relative-age effect in children self - esteem development: A longitudinal study
LIU Shao-yin, WU Zhi-jun1, CHEN Xia-fang, LI Qing-gong
Relative age refers to the differences between the child’s chronological age and an eligibility cut-off date used for cohort selection, which has been found to be a significant factor in academic achievement, educational attainment, and wage. However, few studies have focused on the relative age effect of self-esteem development in young children. The present study examined the role of relative age on the development of self-esteem using a longitudinal method in 107 young children from 5 to 5.5 years old. Children’s self-esteem was measured by teachers’ reports every six months for three times. The results showed a significant relative age effect: the relatively younger children’s self-esteem was constantly lower than the relatively older children in the same cohort. The younger children’s self-esteem in T2 and T3 were significantly lower than the older children’s self-esteem in T1 and T2 respectively, regardless of the same chronological age. We also found that girls' self-esteem was higher than boys.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 15-22 [Abstract] ( 623 ) PDF (864 KB)  ( 1190 )
23 Stressful Life Events and Internalizing Problems among Adolescents with Overweight/Obesity: The Mediating Role of Coping Styles
ZHENG Zhong-yan, WEI Zhen, LIANG Jing-jing, YU Jian-jian, PENG Zi-wen
To investigate how stressful life events affect the internalizing problems on adolescents with overweight/obesity, a series of questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were completed in a sample of 1438 middle school students in Guangzhou, China. Our results found that: almost seventeen percent of adolescents were overweight or obese. Then, the internalizing problems among adolescents with overweight and obesity could be predicted by the stressful life events directly. Furthermore, negative coping style played a partial mediating role in the relationship between stressful life events and internalizing problems among adolescents with overweight and obesity. Our findings suggested that stressful life may exert its influence on the internalization problems among adolescents with overweight/obesity partially through the mediating role of the negative coping style.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 23-32 [Abstract] ( 583 ) PDF (749 KB)  ( 993 )
33 The Accuracy of Metamemory Monitoring and Its Effect on Study-time Allocation among High School Students
JIA Ning, LI Cong-hui, DAI Jing-hua
In the present study, two experiments were designed to investigate the accuracy of immediate/delayed judgment of learnings(JOLs) and its influence on study-time allocation. The senior one students participated in the experiments, and the concrete noun pairs were selected as experimental materials. The conclusions are that (1) There is the foresight bias of the immediate JOLs in high school students. (2)The foresight bias affects the study-time allocation among high school students, and lowers theirs learning efficiency. (3) Delayed JOLs can alleviate or avoid the foresight bias, then make more reasonable study-time allocation.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 33-40 [Abstract] ( 530 ) PDF (705 KB)  ( 1079 )
41 The Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of False Memory with Age
LIU Feng-ying, YAO Zhi-gang
The increase of false memory of old people maybe relate to the declining function of the medial temporal lobes (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and also to the reductive connection of the two regions. The declining function leads to deficient or overfull binding in information encoding, reliance on gist information in information encoding and retrival, deficits in retrival monitoring, and overreliance on familiarity in memory judgement. Future research should focus more on the mechanisms of different types of false memory with age, the influence of the specific MTL and PFC subregions, the independent role of information encoding and retrieval, and the effects of testing environment and culture on false memory with age.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 41-51 [Abstract] ( 544 ) PDF (726 KB)  ( 1158 )
52 Sensitivity to morpheme structure and word stress in Chinese English learners
LI Jun-min
Two experiments were adopted to probe whether Chinese English- learners, especially college students, have morphological awareness and develop accuracy in their morphophonological processing, and whether English proficiency modulates this. The results of the first experiment suggested that participants experienced greater difficulty in responding to pseudowords constructed with morphological structure (e.g. lamply, or drimbful) than those without (e.g. lampny, or drimbfil), indicating that they do have morphological awareness. In Experiment 2, participants were asked to read pseudo-derived words with a pseudo-stem combined with either a neutral suffix (e.g. chosure-chosureness) or non-neutral suffix (e.g. distone-distonity) to see whether they were able to use the rules of stress assignment. Results showed that metalinguistic knowledge of stress assignment and stress accuracy was significantly related to English proficiency. Both experiments support the claim that Chinese English-learners have morphological awareness and develop morphophonological accuracy and that this can be at quite a sophisticated level for more proficient learners.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 52-61 [Abstract] ( 548 ) PDF (2400 KB)  ( 597 )
62  Personal Sense of Power and Employee Speak-up：The mediating effect of speaking-up efficacy
XU Yue, DUAN Jin-yun, WANG Yu-chen
Drawing on the situated focus theory of power, the current research hypothesizes speaking-up efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between personal sense of power and employee speak-up. Further, we propose that self-construal moderates such mediation relationship. Survey results based on 387 employees and their leaders from Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province confirmed that employees’ personal sense of power is positively related to their speak-up behaviors through speaking-up efficacy. In addition, the moderated-mediation analysis indicated that the mediation effect of speaking-up efficacy is stronger when the employee owns a high level of independent self-construal or a low level of interdependent self-construal. Finally, implications and shortcomings were discussed as well.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 62-70 [Abstract] ( 518 ) PDF (385 KB)  ( 1177 )
71 Relations among Organizational Climate，Perceived Social Support and Psychological Capital of Migrant Workers in Beijing: A Mediated Moderation Effect
ZHAO Bao-bao, JIN Can-can, JI Ai-tong
The present study investigated the relationship among organizational climate, perceived social support and psychological capital of migrant workers in Beijing．Five hundred migrant workers completed anonymous questionnaires measuring organizational climate, psychological capital and perceived social support. Results showed that:(1) Female migrant workers' perceived organizational climate was significantly higher than that of male migrant workers; middle-aged and elderly migrant workers' psychological capital was significantly higher than young migrant workers'; (2) Perceived social support was a partial mediator between organizational climate and psychological capital; (3) Gender moderated this mediation effect of perceived social support.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 71-79 [Abstract] ( 541 ) PDF (1083 KB)  ( 1460 )
80 Moral Leadership, Guanxi and Employee Creativity: The Moderating Roles of Power Distance
Wang Yong-yue, Zhang Ling, Zhang Shu-yuan
Based on social exchange theory(SET), this study examines how moral leadership influences employee creativity, by analyzing 275 paired samples. The results showed that: (1) Moral leadership was positively related to supervisor–subordinate guanxi. (2) Supervisor–subordinate guanxi partially mediated the relationship between moral leadership and employee creativity. (3a) Power distance moderated the relationship between moral leadership and supervisor–subordinate guanxi. (3b) Power distance moderated the mediated relationship through supervisor–subordinate guanxi.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 80-88 [Abstract] ( 676 ) PDF (711 KB)  ( 1692 )
89 Policies suggestions: Effects of social norms on overcoming smoking and drinking problems
LIU Hao-xin, Tulips Yiwen WANG
Smoking and drinking are popular behaviors in China. Social norm is an important factor which would predict and influence individuals’ behaviors. This article summaries the psychological mechanism of social norm to provide suggestions on making policies to overcome smoking and drinking problems by using social norms. We review the psychological mechanisms of descriptive and injunctive norms, and their effects on behaviors respectively. We also consider the influence of indigenous culture on social norms' effects on behaviors. Basing on the results, we provide specific suggestions on how to take into consideration social norms in making policies to overcome smoking and drinking problems.
2018 Vol. 24 (1): 89-96 [Abstract] ( 512 ) PDF (743 KB)  ( 1479 )
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