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2019 Vol. 25, No. 2
Published: 2019-04-26
 
99 The Development of Coaching Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice
WANG Qing, WANGRui-min, HEYu-qian, QIAOMing, WANG Xin-yi, PANG Wei-guo
Coaching psychology is an emerging sub-discipline of psychological science that aims to unlock people’s potential and enhance individual’s psychological well-being and professional performance.It has attracted great attention from international scholars who have conducted extensive studies. This article systematically introduces the theories, research and practice of coaching psychology, including its original concepts, philosophical foundation and meta-theory, main theoretical approaches and empirical studies in the field of management, education, sports, and personal development. The current article also suggests directions for further theoretical development, scientific investigation and implementation of coaching psychology.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 99-108 [Abstract] ( 565 ) PDF (813 KB)  ( 1753 )
109 Able-bodied person’s Automatic Behavioral Tendency Towards Physically Disabled Persons and its Plasticity
ZHOU Yan-yan, MA Ting, ZHANG Feng
The present study chose twenty photographs describing physically normal and disabled people (10 able-bodied & 10 disabled) as category stimuli which were displayed in rectangle and oval once, to explore public’s automatic behavioral tendency towards the physically disabled persons by the Pull/Push Task (PPT) (experiment 1) and the priming paradigm of the disabled persons’ positive behavior information (experiment 2). Results revealed: firstly, participants showed significantly automatic avoidance tendency towards the disabled persons; secondly, positive information did not only improve the public’s automatic approach tendency towards the disabled, but also weakened their automatic avoidance tendency towards the targets. These results suggest that the public show avoidance behavior towards the disabled automatically, and exposing disabled person’s positive behavior can reduce such tendency. Therefore, disseminating the positive information about disable persons universally could improve public’s automatic approach tendency towards the disabled persons.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 109-121 [Abstract] ( 255 ) PDF (2560 KB)  ( 819 )
122 Risk-taking behavior in competitive situations
LIU Zhen-liang，LI Zhi-jie, LI Yan-song
In recent years, many researchers have studied risk-taking behavior in competitive situations and found that competition can increase individual risk-taking behavior. This review paper begins by describing how to define competition and risk-taking and how to measure them in psychological research. Then, studies investigating the effect of competition on individuals’ risk-taking are described and factors that modulate such effects are summarized. Furthermore, social comparison theory and risk-sensitive theory are introduced in an attempt to account for such effects. Additionally, we also introduced neurophysiological mechanisms about the effects of competition on risk-taking behavior. Finally, this review summaries and extends the existing research framework and future directions are discussed.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 122-130 [Abstract] ( 460 ) PDF (731 KB)  ( 1259 )
131 Inducing effect on Social Interaction Behaviors of Children with ASD by Social Robots
WANG Yonggu, YU Cheng, HUANG Biyu, YAO Yujia
In this study, so as to explore the induction effect of social robots on social interaction behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, 24 children with ASD were selected as participants. Social interaction behaviors were induced by NAO robots and human, such as proximity, contact, imitation and eye gaze. By comparing the differences in social interaction behaviors and skin conductance data during this process, when participants interact with different social objects. The results show that, ⑴in terms of the social interaction behaviors of participants, the number of times that NAO robot induce participants to approach, touch and gaze was significantly higher than that of human, and the gaze time accounted for higher proportion; ⑵there was no significant difference between the two in inducing the subjects to imitate behavior; ⑶in terms of physiological response, when NAO robot performed greeting activities, the skin conductance change rate of participants was significantly higher than that of human. It can be seen that social robots can stimulate social motivation and emotional arousal of children with ASD, alleviate their social avoidance in social situations, and induce the effective social interaction behaviors of children with ASD.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 131-139 [Abstract] ( 336 ) PDF (726 KB)  ( 990 )
140 The Processing Mode and Neural Basis of Goal Inference
LI Qing-qing LI Wan-yue HAN Shang-feng ZHANG Lin YANG Ya-ping
Goal inference is an important way to understand people’s behavior. In the recent years, the research on goal inferencehasinvolved a wide range of aspects.For example, some studies have proved that goal inference occurs in the post-perceptual processing stage, which is unconscious and unintentional.The process of goal inference couldbe demonstrated withBayesian Inverse Planning Model.The main brain regions involved in the process of goal inference are mirror nervous system and theory of mind system. However, the research on goal inferencewas not enough. The following issuesshould be further investigated in the future research: such as studying the efficiency and uncontrollability of goal inference, discussing the processing stages of different goal inference respectively. What’s more, the representation range of Bayesian Reverse Planning Model needs to be extendedand the factors which affect goal inference should be studied.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 140-151 [Abstract] ( 233 ) PDF (747 KB)  ( 742 )
152 The Characteristics of Perceptual Span and Word Processing for Deaf Chinese Readers: Evidences from Eye Movement
FU Fu-yin, CHEN Chao-yang, LIU Zhi-fang
With moving window paradigm which shown the boundary of the right words to the fixation, present study explored the characteristics of deaf Chinese readers in perceptual span and word processing when they were reading . It was found that: (1) the left edge of the perceptual span of deaf students extended more than one two-characters word, and the right edge extended one two-characters word, for the hearing participants the perceptual span extended one two-characters word to the left and right of fixation; (2) The moving window manipulations affected the two groups with the same trend on the mean fixation duration and the length of saccades toward the right, however, they affected the number of fixation and regression of the two groups differently. It revealed deaf Chinese readers’ uniqueness in perceptual span and the word processing when they reading.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 152-160 [Abstract] ( 298 ) PDF (1279 KB)  ( 736 )
161 Big Five Personality and Social Media Self-control Failure among College Students: The Role of Fear of Missing Out
CHEN Bi-zhong, ZHENGXue
This study aimed to explore therelationship among Big Five personality, fear of missing out and social media self-control failure in college students.A total of 396college studentswere surveyed with Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China (TIPI-C), Fear of Missing Out Scale and Social Media Self-control Failure Scale. The results showed that:(1)Extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stabilityhad significant positive effects on fear of missing out; (2)Fear of missing outpositively predictedsocial media self-control failure; (3) Fear of missing out mediated the relationship between personality traits (extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness as well as emotional stability) and social media self-control failure, andit belonged to the suppressing effect.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 161-168 [Abstract] ( 1020 ) PDF (714 KB)  ( 4793 )
169 Neural Mechanisms of Anxiety and Risky Decision Making
TIAN Yan-ying, DING Cody, HU Yan-kun, DIAO Liu-ting, YANG Dong
The neural mechanism underling the anxiety and risk-making decisions has a high degree of overlapping (e.g., amygdala, striatum, cingulate gyrus, insula, and prefrontal cortex), and these overlapping parts involve in the process of how anxiety impacts the risk-making decision. This paper described and discussed the neural structure and the function of these brain regions with respect to the relationships between anxiety and risk-making decision, attempting to explore their underlying neural mechanism. Moreover, based on the theoretical framework of risk sensitivity and cognitive resources, this paper also explained this relationship from the perspective of emotional and cognitive double processing. Finally, we suggest that future studies may explore the relationship between anxiety and risk decision-making from perspectives of genetics, neurotransmitters, or development.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 169-178 [Abstract] ( 402 ) PDF (1543 KB)  ( 1015 )
179 Probability matching behavior in repeated decision making and its underlying cognitive process
Probability matching is one of the most important anomalieswhichviolates the utility maximizationprinciple in the normative decision theory.It has beenreplicated by numerous studies. In the traditional Heuristic-and-Biases approach, probabilistic and logical principles are golden standard for rational decision making. However, the individual differences, and the impact of environmental variables on behaviors are largely neglected. This article systematically discusses several strategies that can lead to the same explicit probability matching behavior from a two-dimension framework of behavioral analysis. In this framework, cognitive processes and environment variables aretwo independent components. Theempirical evidences from both human and animal studies are summarized. Some application domains of probability matching, such as economics, financial and law, are discussed.
2019 Vol. 25 (2): 179-188 [Abstract] ( 346 ) PDF (737 KB)  ( 1015 )
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