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2020 Vol. 26, No. 3
Published: 2020-09-01
 
195 Factors affecting pilot’s situation awareness: An analysis based on the Endsley’s theory of three-level
LU Tian-jiao, TANG Meng-han, JIANG Tao, ZHOU Chen-chen, YOU Xu-qun
In recent years, with the rapid development of the aviation industry, flight accidents have become more frequent. As the basis for ensuring flight safety, situation awareness (hereinafter referred to as SA) refers to the acquisition and processing of information about the current situation status, and the prediction of the future by pilots. Under the influence of various factors, this process involves the joint effect of multiple cognitive processing. Through the combination of flight environment and pilot’s physiology and cognitive ability, this paper discusses the influence and causes of each factor in terms of perception, understanding and prediction of SA. This paper not only makes a preliminary summary of the existing researches on the influencing factors of SA, but also provides a theoretical foundation and a perfect direction for the further establishment of a complete influencing factor model of SA.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 195-207 [Abstract] ( 539 ) PDF (839 KB)  ( 4871 )
208 Fraud vulnerability of the elderly: Concept, Theories, and Measurements
HE Quan, SHEN Jin-Ru
The elderly are facing various risks of being deceived, which will seriously affect the quality of life and social stability. Based on the characteristics of vulnerability, this paper defines the concept and characteristics of the elderly's fraud vulnerability. Combining the influence factors based on different theories, this paper proposes a process model of the elderly's fraud vulnerability, and further comprehensively compares and measures the subjective, objective, and comprehensive methods of measuring the elderly's fraud vulnerability and their application scope. Finally, it is proposed that future research can be carried out in terms of expanding the connotation of the elderly's fraud vulnerability, multi-disciplinary dynamic measurement and targeted intervention mechanisms.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 208-218 [Abstract] ( 364 ) PDF (770 KB)  ( 2190 )
219 The Behavioral Development in Children with Temperamental Exuberance and Behavioral Inhibition and its Influencing Factors
HAN Jin-jing LU Chen-xin DU Shui-yun ZHAI Shu-yi HE Jie
Based on the motivational systems theory (behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition systems), researchers proposed 2 types of temperament: exuberance and inhibition. The current article introduced the behavioral and physiological characteristics about temperamental exuberance and inhibition. Furthermore, this article reviewed the previous literatures about the development in children with exuberance and inhibition and its influences of nurturing environment, self-regulation, attention bias and culture. Future studies could discuss the interaction of gene and environment on temperamental development, explore the effects of temperament on prosocial behavior, trust and other social development, and further apply the results to foster the development of children with different temperament.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 219-231 [Abstract] ( 509 ) PDF (730 KB)  ( 1786 )
232 The Features of Audiovisual Speech Perception in Noise of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
LIU Min DU Xiao-xin LIU Qiao-yun
The present study aims to explore the unisensory and multisensory speech perception characteristics and development trends of children with autism in noisy environments. The results showed the speech recognition rate of children with autism is significantly lower than typically-developing children under the auditory-only and audiovisual-congruent conditions; the visual gain under audiovisual-congruent and McGurk Effect under audiovisual-incongruent condition of the children with ASD are significantly lower than typically-developing children; the speech recognition rate of children aged 13-16 is significantly higher than that of children aged 6-12 in auditory-only and audiovisual-congruent condition, but the difference in McGurk effect between different ages is not significant. The results indicated that children with ASD have a lack of unisensory and multisensory speech perception in noise, and their ability of audiovisual integration is significantly lower from typically-developing children
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 232-239 [Abstract] ( 266 ) PDF (1221 KB)  ( 748 )
240 The Effect of Karate Training on Self-control: Evidence from Behavior and Event-related Potentials
WENJia-ning, LIJie, YANGZi-peng, ZHANGYu
In order to investigate whether karate training can improve the self-control ability of college students, we adopted the Go/Nogo task (with event-related potentials analyzed) and the wall-sit task to measure the changes of individuals’ cognitive and behavioral self-control before and after 4 weeks of karate training intervention. The results showed that the karate training group was significantly better than that of no additional exercise group in all the measures, whereas the performance of cycling group lay between those two groups with no significant difference from either group. The results indicate that karate training can improve individuals’ cognitive and behavioral self-control, probably because the training makes the individuals less vulnerable to the effects of self-control resource depletion.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 240-249 [Abstract] ( 265 ) PDF (1513 KB)  ( 730 )
250 Cognitive Hardiness: A Cognitive Style Buffering between Nonfit Organization and Turnover Intention
ZHANG Xiao-dan, ZHENG Shao-feng, ZOU Zhi-min
In previous studies, researchers have proved that person-organization fit has apredictive effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction as a full mediator. In fact, the effect of job satisfaction on turnover intention has been found various in term of individual’s cognitive style. Thus, the current research aimed to examine the possible buffering effect of cognitive hardiness, a cognitive style with which individual can effectively cope with daily stresses, involved in the process. A total of395 working employees participated in the questionnaire survey.Data were analyzed usinghierarchical regression, aided with bootstrapping methods.The results showed that: (1) Person-organization fit affected turnover intention completely through the mediation of job satisfaction. (2) The mediation of person-organization fit on turnover intention through job satisfaction were moderated by employees’ cognitive hardiness, and the moderation effect only took place in the latter stage of the process. That is, compared to lower level of cognitive hardiness, higher level of cognitive hardiness could buffer more negative impact of job satisfaction on turnover intention. The findings not only extended the theoretical framework of person-organization fit to turnover intention with a moderated mediation model, but also provided some suggestions to managers that it is important to assess and train employee’s cognitive hardiness.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 250-258 [Abstract] ( 300 ) PDF (987 KB)  ( 1017 )
259 The Effect of Intuitive Advice on advice Taking
JIA Qiao-na, WU Jing-xia, SUN Qian-qian, DU Xiu-fang
Two experiments were designed to explore the effect of intuitive advice on the advice taking. Adopted the choice task paradigm, experiment 1 explored the influence of intuitive advice on advice taking under time pressure. Experiment 2 explored the influence of intuitive advice on advice taking in different task difficulty conditions by using the estimate task paradigm. The results showed that: (1) When there is no time pressure or the task was easy, participants’ adoption of rational advice was significantly greater than intuitive advice. (2) When under time pressure or the task was difficult, there was no significant difference between the adoption of rational advice and intuitive advice.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 259-268 [Abstract] ( 219 ) PDF (787 KB)  ( 704 )
269 Evolution and Analysis of Operational Definition of Unethical Behavior in Organizations
ZENG Kai, WANG Duan-xu, HUANG Wei-ze, DUAN Jin-yun
Unethical behavior is defined as any organizational member action that violates widely accepted (societal) moral norms. However, the operational definitions of unethical behavior are often quite different. The existing literature largely ignores the differences among the operational definitions, which leads to the disagreement and confusion among the past researches, thus restricting the development of unethical behavior research. By systematically combing and summarizing the literature on unethical behavior, this study points out the evolution process of the operational definition of unethical behavior on the conception, research dimension and research level, and integrates and evaluates the above evolution process. Finally, this study makes a prospect for the future research on the operational definition of unethical behavior.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 269-281 [Abstract] ( 232 ) PDF (1139 KB)  ( 887 )
282 The relationship between conscientiousness and entrepreneurial performance: the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation
XUE Xian-fang, MENG Qian, YAO Chun-xu, LV Xiao-ying, GUO Han
Based on the perspective of enterprise strategy orientation, this study aimed toexplore the relationship among conscientiousness, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance. The authors use the mature scales widely used by domestic and foreign scholars to conduct a questionnaire survey on 350 entrepreneurs. The results showed that: (1) conscientiousness has a positive impact on entrepreneurial performance; (2) Entrepreneurial orientation partially mediates the relationship between conscientiousness and entrepreneurial performance.
2020 Vol. 26 (3): 282-289 [Abstract] ( 257 ) PDF (756 KB)  ( 715 )
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