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2022 Vol. 28, No. 4
Published: 2022-08-30
 
291 User Centered Design（VII）： From Automated Flight Deck to Intelligent Flight Deck
XU Wei
Driven by the "user-centered design" philosophy, this paper first outlines the human factors problems of the flight deck automation for large civil aircraft and the human factors research carried out based on the "human-centered automation" approach. This paper then reviews the previous initial human factors research on intelligent civil flight deck based on the “human-centered AI” approach and discusses the prospects for future human factors research. Based on our proposed human factors engineering model for intelligent human-computer interaction and the framework of joint cognitive eco-systems, this paper proposes an initial human factors solution for the single-pilot operations of large commercial aircraft and presents preliminary suggestions for future human factors research.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 291-313 [Abstract] ( 518 ) PDF (1208 KB)  ( 2974 )
314 The Influence of User Participation in Product Development on Peripheral Consumers’ Behavior
MA Yong-bin, YU Wen-jun
Concerning that user participation in product development (UPPD) is part of an enterprise's innovation strategy, how to deliver UPPD information to peripheral consumers (i.e. consumers who do not participate in firms’ product development) becomes critical. From the perspective of consumers’ psychological perception, the current paper summarized the literature and theories about the influence of UPPD on periphery consumers’ behavior through their perceived enterprise, product and brand characteristics, as well as their perceived relationship with the enterprise. Future studies can focus on the label and objective effect of UPPD on peripheral consumers’ perceptions of enterprise and product characteristics, explore the roles of brand and social influence on the relationship between UPPD and peripheral consumers’ behavior, and consider challenges caused by the internet and information technology.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 314-322 [Abstract] ( 380 ) PDF (527 KB)  ( 1031 )
323 Embracing Simplicity: The Impact of Pandemic Threat on Preference for Visually Simple Products
Health threat is ubiquitous in human life. We propose that disease cues can enhance consumers’ preference for minimalism. We also reveal the underlying mechanism that drives the proposed effect. That is, disease threat has a positive influence on desirability for control, thus increasing the preference for visually simple products. We developed our conceptualization based on the behavioral immune system (BIS) and control theory. In particular, we hypothesized that health threat can facilitate the preference for visually simple products, and notably, contamination concern and desirability for control, play the mediating roles in the effect of pandemic threat on the preference for visually simple products. Two studies were conducted to verify our hypotheses. In addition to having substantive practical implications to marketers and business managers in developing themselves in the context of health threat, this research offers a novel perspective on the effect of disease cues on consumer minimalism. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings and provide an agenda for future research in this domain.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 323-332 [Abstract] ( 359 ) PDF (950 KB)  ( 1433 )
333 Imagining the future: The influence mechanism of episodic foresight on intertemporal choice
Episodic foresight is a psychological construction in which individuals project themselves into the future in order to experience future events in advance. By combing the influence of episodic foresight on intertemporal choice, this paper discusses the moderating effects of individual's age, working memory ability and self-relevance of foreseeing content. On the basis of this, we point out the emotion-of-episodic-prospection hypothesis and the attentional mechanism of "focusing on the future". On the one hand, the emotion induced by episodic foresight affects delay discounting; On the other hand, episodic foresight can change decision preference by influencing individual waiting time cost and weight of delayed benefits. In the future, individuals with mood disorders can be included in the research object, specific prospective emotion can be subdivided, normative control conditions can be established, and neural mechanisms can be further explored.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 333-343 [Abstract] ( 501 ) PDF (618 KB)  ( 1539 )
344 A Longitudinal Study on Children’S Understanding and Application of Emotional Expression Rules in Four Situations
Using a longitudinal design, 60 children from the age of 4 to 6 were studied on the development of understanding and use of emotional expression rules in four situations.The results of this study show that: (1) The level of knowledge is the highest in aversion situation, the development of social orientation goals is first fast and then slow, and more concealment strategies are used; Self directed goals develop rapidly in happy situations, and use calming and weakening strategies; In sad situations, a variety of strategies are used comprehensively. In angry situations, the knowledge level is the lowest, and weakening strategies are rarely used for self-protection. (2) Children’s knowledge of emotional expression rules and exaggeration strategies are growing rapidly. The development of emotional expression goals varies from situation to situation, the development of weakening strategies varies with gender, and there is no age difference in concealment and calming strategies. (3) It can well explain some previous disputes about gender differences.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 344-351 [Abstract] ( 324 ) PDF (646 KB)  ( 973 )
352 Learning of Nonadjacent Structures and the Neural Mechanisms
JIANG Shan, GUO Xiu-yan, LING Xiao-li, ZHENG Li
Nonadjacent structure refers to a structure in which there is no restriction on sequence between adjacent elements and multiple elements are spaced at certain distances in time or space. This structure has strong generative ability and widely exists in many fields of human life. Over the past decade, learning of nonadjacent structure in language appears to be of focal interest in the field of psycholinguistics, especially the implicit learning of language acquisition in a nearly natural state. In this review, based on the artificial grammar learning paradigm, we sorted out different types of nonadjacent structures and the factors that affect nonadjacent structure learning, as well as exploring the role of Broca’s area in nonadjacent structure processing. In addition, we prospected possible future research on nonadjacent structure from the perspectives of cross-domain transfer, dynamic processing, and the relationship between implicit and explicit learning.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 352-368 [Abstract] ( 255 ) PDF (918 KB)  ( 1656 )
369 Evaluating nileffect in psychological research: A practical primer
XU Yue-pei, LU Chun-lei, WANG Jun, SONG Qiong-ya, JIA Bin-bin, HU Chuan-peng
In psychological research, researchers may need to provide evidence for the non-existence of effects (i.e., nil effect). However, the most widely used statistical inference framework in psychology, the null hypothesis significance test (NHST), cannot provide evidence for nil effects. In other words, a non-significant p-value (e.g., p> .05) cannot be interpreted as evidence that supports the nil hypothesis. As a result, in practice, researchers either avoid interpreting the non-significant results, or mis-interpret the non-significant results as evidence for the nil hypothesis. Here we introduced three methods that can evaluate nil effects, the equivalence test, Bayesian estimation, and Bayesian factor (BF), to Chinese researchers. We illustrated how to apply these methods to real psychological data using two open datasets. This primer may help Chinese researchers to improve their statistical inference for non-significant results.
2022 Vol. 28 (4): 369-384 [Abstract] ( 977 ) PDF (823 KB)  ( 1456 )
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