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2023 Vol. 29, No. 2
Published: 2023-04-30
 
99 Why Vaccine-Safety Scares Happen and How to Address Them
LYUXiao-kang, FUChun-ye, LIUHong-zhi, JIYing
A vaccine-safety scare is defined as the phenomenon in which the public’s distrust of the validity and safety of vaccination is triggered by negative vaccine-related media reports or vaccine conspiracy theories. Such misinformation further leads to a dramatic drop in large-scale in the vaccination coverage or willingness of individuals to be vaccinated. The formation of vaccine-safety scare can be explained from the content of information, risk perception at the individual level and the risk atmosphere at the group level. Public health workers can prevent and respond to vaccine-safety scares by reconstructing the public’s perception of the risk of vaccine-preventable diseases, among other strategies. The network information platform can curb misinformation through information governance. Subsequently, a systematic combination of theories is needed to understand the formation of vaccine-safety scares and promote the social sharing of positive vaccine information.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 99-110 [Abstract] ( 318 ) PDF (451 KB)  ( 1538 )
111 Optimism and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders among Breast Cancer Patients: The Mediating Roles of Fear of Progression and Avoidance Coping
WANG Xuan, TAN Ru-yue, ZHOU Xiao
To investigate the relationship between optimism, fear of disease progression (FoP), avoidance coping and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in breast cancer patients, the study used the life orientation test, the fear of disease progression questionnaire, the medical coping styles scale, and the post-traumatic stress disorder scale to investigate 258 breast cancer patients in many hospitals in two provinces in China. Structure question modelling was used to carry out the data analysis, and results found that after controlling for age, optimism can directly predict PTSD negatively, or directly negatively predict PTSD through FoP, and indirectly negatively predict PTSD through FoP and avoidance coping. However, the mediating effect of avoidance coping between optimism and PTSD is not significant. These findings suggested that FoP and avoidance coping play important mediating role in the relation of optimism to PTSD among breast cancers.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 111-118 [Abstract] ( 295 ) PDF (527 KB)  ( 646 )
119 Visual Narratives Promote Patients’ Positive Attitudes Toward Doctors
FUChun-ye, LYU Xiao-kang, ZHANGShu-yuan
Materials of visual narratives were prepared based on surveys of Chinese doctors’ working and living conditions to explore the effect and mechanism of visual narratives on patients’ attitudes towards doctors and examine the synergistic effect between visual narrative and transportation strategy. The results showed that compared with the condition only presented the verbal text,visual narratives significantly increased the participants’ positive attitudes towards doctors,and emotion evoked and role identity played a chain mediating effect between the visual narratives and the patients’ positive attitudes. When presenting the visual narrative,matching the corresponding narrative strategy could improve the transportation effect than the analysis strategy. These discoveries enrich the construction strategy of the doctor’s image and have implications and practical value for building a benign doctor-patient relationship.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 119-127 [Abstract] ( 257 ) PDF (757 KB)  ( 1205 )
128 The HealthyDietary Behavioral Intention for Chinese Residents andIts Effect on Depressive Symptoms
LINJia-ci, YIN Ke-li, HUANG Ying, LIU Yao
Healthy dietary behavioral intention is defined as the healthy assessment and judgment of the dietary behavior which individual is about to make.We investigated healthy dietary behavioral intention and depressive symptoms in 1848 Chinese residents from two studies. Results: (1) The Chinese Healthy Dietary Behavioral Intention Questionnaire was an original investigative tool for healthy dietary behavioral intention and it showed good validity and reliability. (2) Healthy dietary behavioral intention consisted of four parts: quantitative condiment additions, dietary balance, food variety and appetite control. The correlation between the Chinese healthy dietary behavioral intention and depressive symptoms was significantly negative. Besides, appetite control and food variety all contributed to the prediction of depressive symptoms.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 128-136 [Abstract] ( 471 ) PDF (583 KB)  ( 1287 )
137 The Influence of Similarity in Academic Performance and Friendship on the Adolescents’ Support-seeking Relationship: Based on a Longitudinal Social Network Analysis
WANG Ling-fei, ZHANG Hang, JU Jia-wen, BIAN Yu-fang
The current study aimed to explore how adolescents’ similarity in academic performance may influence the support-seeking relationship, and to examine the role of friendship in the mechanism. 1126 junior high school students in 36 classes were recruited by using a longitudinal design of one-year interval. The longitudinal social network analysis method was utilized to analyze the data. The results show that: (1) Students with similar academic performance are more likely to establish friendships and support-seeking relationships; (2) Similarity in academic performance could not only improve the establishment of the support-seeking relationship between adolescents directly, but also indirectly through the promotion of friendship.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 137-146 [Abstract] ( 401 ) PDF (608 KB)  ( 1207 )
147 To be Similar or to be Distinctive? Bored People’s Preference for Uniqueness
MIAO Peng
To examine the preference for uniqueness of bored people, Study 1 preliminarily explored the correlational relationships among boredom proneness, search for meaning, and unique choice, Study 2 manipulated state boredom and examined its effects on search for meaning and need for uniqueness. The results consistently showed that boredom positively predicted choice andneed for uniqueness, and search for meaning played a mediating role. The current research reveals how and why boredom influences preference for uniqueness and extends previous theories and research directions on boredom.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 147-153 [Abstract] ( 448 ) PDF (639 KB)  ( 1222 )
154 I Experienced More Changes Than You
QIU Tian, CHEN Xiao-ya, ZHANG Rui-han, LU Jing-yi
Since “change is the only constant in life,” an interesting question is how many changes people believe they have experienced in the past. The present research investigates whether the perceived number of changes for oneself differs from it for others. Literature shows that people bring to mind only improvements when they think about “changes.” Based on motivated reasoning, we hypothesize that people will think that they have changed more than others because of a self-enhancement motive that they expect themselves to be good. We conductedfour studies to test the hypothesis and its underlying mechanism. In Study 1, the participants assessed the number of global changes they or their friend had experienced over the past five years, and then indicated the direction of their own or their friend’s changes. Results showed that the participants believed that they had changed more than others. Moreover, the participants considered positive changes when thinking about their and others’ changes. Studies 2 and 3 replicated the basic pattern across domains (appearance and values) and extended the pattern into future changes. Study 4 found that the participants perceived that they had changed more than others because they expected themselves to begood more than others. Our study shows a novel self–other difference and carries practical implications. Specifically, people may make poor decisions since they underestimate positive changes for others.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 154-161 [Abstract] ( 346 ) PDF (626 KB)  ( 783 )
162 When does haze initiate health preventive behavior: The impact of future self continuity
TAO Rui, ZHENGRui
Although air pollution poses great threat to people’s health, insufficient health preventive behavior is observed. To understand the phenomenon, we investigated the role of anxiety in mediating the relationship between haze perception and health preventive behavior and further proposed the moderating effect of future self-continuity. Notably, self-psychology believes that Chinese people’s self-concept includes intimate others, which has been neglected in previous literature on future self-continuity. Regarding this, we created the concept of future ‘big self’ continuity by incorporating future descendants into the ‘small self’. We thus hypothesized that one’s care and love for his/her future self and descendants moderated the impact of anxiety on health preventive behavior. We conducted a two-wave survey (separated by one week) on 262 employees in Beijing. Results found a moderated mediation model: Anxiety mediated the relationship between haze perception and health preventive behavior; Future ‘big self’ continuity moderated the impact of anxiety on health preventive behavior but future ‘small self’ continuity failed to moderate the relationship. That is, individuals with a higher level of care and love forthemselves and their descendants reported more health preventive behavior. Our study stressed the role of emotion in explaining environmental risk coping and provided insights intohow to nudge behavior change in public health.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 162-170 [Abstract] ( 185 ) PDF (650 KB)  ( 803 )
171 The Effect of Font Color Emphasis on Sentence Comprehension in Older Adults
WU Ying-ying, XIE Han-ying, LIN Lv-feng
Applying the resource allocation approach, this study investigated the effect of font emphasis (manipulated with color of font) on sentence comprehension in older adults. The results showed that font emphasis eliminated the discrepancy of resource input in word-level processes between the older and younger adults. Font emphasis decreased the resources allocation for the older adults, while increased the resources input for the younger adults. And therefore it suggests the mechanisms underlying font emphasis are different between the two groups. In addition, comparing to word-level processing, font emphasis does not affect the resource allocation at the textbase-level.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 171-179 [Abstract] ( 491 ) PDF (682 KB)  ( 1027 )
180 Influence and Intervention of Post-error Response
SONG Xiao-lei, GUO Xiao-yu, GE Lie-zhong, CHEN Shan-guang
People often make mistakes in their daily life. This kind of error, which is caused by human factors, accounts for a considerable proportion in complex man-machine systems. Human related safety problems have become a practical problem that seriously affects the high-quality development of major national science and technology strategies. The operator's behavior response after human error is of great significance to avoid some major accidents, but there is no unified theory on the mechanism of this post error response, and there is also a lack of corresponding empirical exploration on how to intervene the post error response and improve task performance. Starting with the operator's response after human error in complex system. Post error response refers to a series of physiological, psychological and behavioral manifestations produced by the operator after abnormal operation behavior leads to errors or even accidents, such as PES、PIA. Then this study combs its common research paradigms related to inhibition control, then summarizes the influencing factors of post error response from three aspects of users, tasks and scenes based on previous literature. Next,this study discusses the causes of post error response. that is, its behavioral / neural mechanism. Finally, from the three aspects of behavior training, interface design and neural work efficiency enhancement, this paper puts forward the means of prevention and intervention of post error response, so as to avoid some major human accidents and improve the work efficiency of the system.We need to adopt appropriate ways to improve the studies of post error response or adjustment, and apply it to manned spaceflight, human-computer interaction, medicine and other fields.
2023 Vol. 29 (2): 180-192 [Abstract] ( 364 ) PDF (1010 KB)  ( 1245 )
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