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2023 Vol. 29, No. 4
Published: 2023-08-31
 
291 Moderated Mediation Analyses of a Frequently-Used Types of Categorical Variable
FANG Jie, WEN Zhong-lin, HE Zi-jie
When a mediation effect is moderated by a moderator, the effect is termed moderated mediation and the model is a moderated mediation model. Given that the categorical variable is frequently encountered in social science studies, how to analyze moderated mediation models with the categorical variable becomes a noteworthy issue. The methods for analyzing dual-stage moderated mediation models with multi-categorical independent variable and dual-stage moderated mediation models with multi-categorical moderator was illustrated. An empirical example is employed to demonstrate how to conduct moderated mediation analysis of categorical variable by Mplus and SPSS macro PROCESS software. Directions for future studies on categorical moderated mediation are discussed at the end of the paper. The above methods and steps could be expended to binary dependent variable, first-stage or second-stage moderated mediation models, and mediated moderation model.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 291-299 [Abstract] ( 569 ) PDF (449 KB)  ( 1486 )
300 Revision of the Chinese Version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale-Self Report in Middle School Students
LIU Qian-wen, WANGZhen-hong
Objective: The present study sought to revise the Chinese version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale-Self Report and test its reliability and validity. Methods: Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted to determine the final items of the Chinese Version scale. Finally, the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of this scale were examined. Results: The Chinese Version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale-Self Report comprised nine items and three factors, that is, low sensory threshold, ease of excitation, and aesthetic sensitivity. The main fitting indexes of the three-factor model were acceptable. Conclusion: The Chinese Version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale-Self Report can serve as a reliable and valid measure of sensory processing sensitivity in Chinese middle school students.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 300-308 [Abstract] ( 613 ) PDF (556 KB)  ( 1209 )
309 Negative Life Events and Self-injury in Junior Middle School Students: A Moderated Mediation Model
CHANG Yuan, QI Bing
Based on the interpersonal / systemic modelandthe emotional cascade model, this study examined the relationship between negative life events and self-injury. 684 junior middle school students were recruited to participate in this study, and they anonymously filled out questionnaires regarding Adolescents Self-HarmScale, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, and Ruminative Responses Scale. The result indicated that: (1) negative life events significantly positively predicted self-injury of the junior middle school students; (2) the relationship between negative life events and self-injury was significantly mediated by rumination; (3) the relationship between rumination and self-injury was moderated by family cohesion. The results provide new ideas for the prevention and intervention of self-injury.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 309-316 [Abstract] ( 420 ) PDF (601 KB)  ( 1204 )
317 Family intervention for adolescents’ psychological trauma following major disasters
ZHOU Xiao, ZHENRui
Major disasters always elicited psychological trauma for adolescent victims, which hindering their normal development. Thus, reliving negative posttraumatic reactions in adolescents became a topic issue in the field of trauma psychology. However, there are some limitations in psychological service for adolescents following disasters. For instance, the psychological services lacked of systematicness, only focused on the short-term psychological intervention and overlooked long-term counseling, and showed the unilateral perspective and ignored the role of family. To fill these gaps and help adolescents to relieve their negative psychological outcomes, it was necessary to carry out the psychological intervention from the perspective of family system. Here, family should strengthen the communication with social organization, primary and middle school, and hospital, and thus this might improve family’s capability to handle with adolescents’ mental problems. Moreover, it was suggested that paying attention to parents’ psychological problems, boosting their mental health literary, improving martial relationship and parents’ parenting behaviors, building a positive and functional family atmosphere, teaching parents trauma-related knowledge and skill, and helping parents to carry out the psychological service for adolescents in long time framework.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 317-325 [Abstract] ( 402 ) PDF (546 KB)  ( 893 )
326 The Effect of Dynamic Context on Facial Expression Perception of Trait Anxiety Individuals
SONG Su-tao, XIAO Guan-lai, SHANG Wan-ting, ZHAO Shi-meng, GAO Shi-hao, WANG Rong, WU Di
This study explored the effect of dynamic context on facial expression perception of people with different trait anxiety. As for arousal, compared with pleasure and neutral context, the face arousal degree was the highest in fear context. As for valence, the valence evaluation of neutral facial expression made by the high trait anxiety group was significantly lower than that of low trait anxiety group in neutral and fearful contexts; there was no significant difference between the high and low trait anxiety groups in the valence evaluation of neutral facial expression in pleasant context. As for face classification, there was no difference in the classification results of neutral facial expressions between high and low trait anxiety groups under different context, and they both tended to classify neutral faces as emotional types consistent with the previous context.The negative attribution bias of high trait anxiety and the emotional information of dynamic situation affect the valence perception of expression.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 326-333 [Abstract] ( 355 ) PDF (853 KB)  ( 690 )
334 The Effect of Happy Expression on Infants’ Face Racial Perceptual Narrowing: Eye-tracking Evidence
ZHAO Bin,WANG An-qi,LIU Shao-ying, YAN Lin-lin,LIU Guang-xi
The present study examined how happy facial expressions reinstate infants’ decreased recognition of other-race faces. Using an adapted classical familiarization and visual paired-comparison task with eye-tracking techniques, Experiment 1 demonstrated perceptual narrowing in face recognition from 6 to 9 months of age: whereas 6-month-olds could recognize own-race faces and other-race faces, 9-month-olds only recognized own-race neutral faces, but not other-race neutral faces. Using faces with happy expressions, Experiment 2 showed that 9-month-olds could recognize other-race faces. Eye-tracking results further indicated that happy expressions may influence infants' recognition of other-race faces by altering their scanning patterns. These findings provided direct evidence to support the Perceptual-Social Linkage hypothesis.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 334-342 [Abstract] ( 246 ) PDF (776 KB)  ( 706 )
343 The Characteristics of Episodic Memory for Food Information Processing in Females with Obesity
LENG Xue-chen, CHEN Hong, YAO Jia-yi, YANG Qiao-qiao, CHEN Yi-xuan
The current study aimed to unravel the episodic memory patterns (item memory and source memory) for different food calorie information in females with obesity. The results suggest that episodic memory function in females with obesity is a specific deficit, not a global impairment, (1) Females with obesity outperformed females with healthy weight in item memory for high-calorie food information, and performed significantly better item memory for high-calorie food information than low-calorie food information; (2) Females with obesity demonstrated significantly poorer performance on source memory for both high-calorie and low-calorie food information than females with healthy weight, and performed significantly better source memory for high-calorie food information than low-calorie food information.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 343-351 [Abstract] ( 404 ) PDF (725 KB)  ( 1057 )
352 The Effect of Negative Emotional States on Short-term Memory Representations
GUO Li-jing, YE Chao-xiong, LONG Fang-fang, LIU Xin-yang, XIE Wei-zhen
Emotional states substantially influence what we remember at a given moment. Recent research has shown that negative emotion can modulate short-term memory(STM) representations, changing the quantity and quality of information that we can hold in mind over a short retention interval. For example, negative emotion induced by laboratory stimuli, such as affective pictures and sounds, can increase STM quality/precision but decrease the number of remembered STM items. These findings are consistent with the theoretical standpoint that negative emotion is a double-edged sword for cognition: while negative emotion can increase one’s alertness and optimize information processing under the focus of attention, they can also interfere with the control-related process, rendering it difficult to simultaneously remember multiple items in STM. However, these effects may be moderated by factors that can significantly influence our behaviors but are less examined in the previous studies, such as emotional induction procedures, STM task demands, and individual differences. Here, by reviewing recent theoretical and empirical studies in this area of research to discuss how negative emotion may modulate the scope of attention to influence STM representations.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 352-364 [Abstract] ( 669 ) PDF (834 KB)  ( 1160 )
376 The Influence of Default Option on Gift Selecting
JIANG Duo, DENG Hao-yi, ZHANG Wei
In this research, we explored the influence of default options on selecting household appliances which were presented as gifts by two situational experiments and a field experiment. In the first two experiments, situational experiments were carried out when the cost of household appliances was not considered (in Experiment 1) and was considered (in Experiment 2). Results in both experiments showed that more participants chose household appliances which were set as default options. The third experiment was carried out by a field study, and participants in this experiment were real house-buyers. Results were same with the first two experiments. In conclusion, the default option effect was demonstrated in condition of gift selecting. And there was more influence with de facto default options.
2023 Vol. 29 (4): 376-384 [Abstract] ( 337 ) PDF (954 KB)  ( 859 )
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